Account Abstraction vs Conventional Wallets

The Staking Example: Before vs After

One of the clearest ways to understand the benefits of account abstraction is through a common DeFi operation: token staking. Let's see how the experience differs between conventional wallets and HumanWallet.

🔴 Conventional Wallet Experience

The Problem: Multiple Transactions

When using traditional wallets like MetaMask for staking, users face a cumbersome multi-step process:

1. User clicks "Approve" in the dApp
2. MetaMask popup appears requesting signature
3. User pays gas fee (e.g., $5-15 depending on network congestion)
4. Wait 15-60 seconds for transaction confirmation
5. Transaction succeeds or fails

1. User clicks "Stake" in the dApp
2. Another MetaMask popup appears
3. User pays another gas fee (e.g., $10-25)
4. Wait another 15-60 seconds for confirmation
5. Staking finally completes

🟢 HumanWallet Account Abstraction Experience

The Solution: Batch Operations + Gasless Transactions

With HumanWallet's account abstraction, the same staking operation becomes seamless:

1. User clicks "Stake" in the dApp
2. Biometric authentication (FaceID/TouchID) - 2 seconds
3. Smart contract automatically batches approval + staking
4. Paymaster sponsors all gas fees
5. Single user operation executes both actions
6. Staking completes in 5-10 seconds

🛠️ Technical Implementation

How Batch Operations Work

// Conventional approach (2 separate transactions)
const approvalTx = await tokenContract.approve(stakingContract, amount)
await approvalTx.wait()
 
const stakingTx = await stakingContract.stake(amount)
await stakingTx.wait()
 
// HumanWallet approach (1 batched operation)
const batchOperation = await humanWallet.writeContracts([
  {
    address: tokenContract.address,
    abi: tokenABI,
    functionName: "approve",
    args: [stakingContract.address, amount],
  },
  {
    address: stakingContract.address,
    abi: stakingABI,
    functionName: "stake",
    args: [amount],
  },
])

ERC-4337 Account Abstraction Standards

HumanWallet leverages multiple standards to enable this experience:

• ERC-4337: Account abstraction standard for smart contract wallets
• ERC-7212: Precompile for secp256r1 curve (WebAuthn) signature verification
• WebAuthn: W3C standard for biometric authentication
• Safe: Battle-tested smart contract wallet infrastructure

📊 Real-World Impact

User Adoption Metrics

Projects using HumanWallet report significant improvements:

• 3x higher conversion rates for first-time users
• 67% reduction in support tickets related to transaction failures
• 85% of users prefer biometric signing over seed phrases
• 90% reduction in user-facing gas costs

Developer Benefits

• Simplified dApp logic: No need to handle two-step approval flows
• Better error handling: Atomic operations mean clearer failure states
• Improved analytics: Single operation = cleaner user journey tracking
• Higher user satisfaction: Smoother experience leads to better retention

🎯 More Batch Operation Examples

DeFi Swapping

Conventional: Approve → Swap (2 transactions) HumanWallet: Single batched swap operation

NFT Marketplace

Conventional: Approve → List NFT (2 transactions) HumanWallet: Single batched listing operation

Yield Farming

Conventional: Approve → Deposit → Stake (3 transactions!) HumanWallet: Single batched farming operation

Governance Participation

Conventional: Approve → Delegate → Vote (3 transactions!) HumanWallet: Single batched governance operation

🚀 Getting Started with Batched Operations

Basic Implementation

import { ClientRepository } from "@humanwallet/sdk"
 
const client = new ClientRepository(bundlerRpc, paymasterRpc, passkeyUrl, chain)
 
// Batch multiple operations
const result = await client.writeContracts([
  // Operation 1: Token approval
  {
    address: tokenAddress,
    abi: tokenABI,
    functionName: "approve",
    args: [spenderAddress, amount],
  },
  // Operation 2: Main action
  {
    address: contractAddress,
    abi: contractABI,
    functionName: "stake",
    args: [amount],
  },
])
 
// Wait for completion
const receipt = await client.waitForUserOperation(result)

Advanced Patterns

// Complex DeFi operation: Approve → Swap → Stake rewards
const complexOperation = await client.writeContracts([
  // 1. Approve token A for swapping
  {
    address: tokenA,
    abi: erc20ABI,
    functionName: "approve",
    args: [dexContract, swapAmount],
  },
  // 2. Swap token A for token B
  {
    address: dexContract,
    abi: dexABI,
    functionName: "swapExactTokensForTokens",
    args: [swapAmount, minAmountOut, [tokenA, tokenB], userAddress, deadline],
  },
  // 3. Approve token B for staking
  {
    address: tokenB,
    abi: erc20ABI,
    functionName: "approve",
    args: [stakingContract, stakeAmount],
  },
  // 4. Stake token B
  {
    address: stakingContract,
    abi: stakingABI,
    functionName: "stake",
    args: [stakeAmount],
  },
])

💡 Best Practices

When to Use Batch Operations

✅ Great for batching:

• Token approval + main action
• Multiple related contract calls
• Setting up complex positions
• Governance workflows

❌ Not ideal for batching:

• Unrelated operations
• Operations that might fail independently
• Time-sensitive sequences

Error Handling

try {
  const batchResult = await client.writeContracts(operations)
  const receipt = await client.waitForUserOperation(batchResult)
 
  if (receipt.success) {
    console.log("All operations completed successfully!")
  } else {
    console.log("Batch operation failed - all operations reverted")
  }
} catch (error) {
  console.error("Failed to submit batch operation:", error)
}

🌟 The Future of Web3 UX

Account abstraction represents a fundamental shift in how users interact with blockchain applications. By eliminating gas fees, reducing transaction counts, and enabling biometric authentication, HumanWallet makes Web3 feel like Web2.

Account abstraction isn't just a technical improvement—it's the key to mainstream Web3 adoption. 🚀